Past perfect tense adalah salah satu dari tenses dalam bahasa Inggris yang bisa dikatakan jarang digunakan. Hal ini karena tense ini merujuk pada masa lampau dan mengungkapkan segala kejadian yang sudah atau telah terjadi di dalamnya. Berikut akan dipaparkan pengertian, rumus, fungsi, dan contoh past perfect tense.

Pengertian Past Perfect Tense

Past perfect tense adalah bentuk tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang telah berlangsung atau terjadi di masa lampau (past perfect). Sehingga apapun yang telah selesai kita lakukan saat itu dapat diungkapkan dengan tense ini. Demikian pula dengan keadaan atau kondisi kita, seperti:

She had studied English before she moved to Australia. She said that she had studied hard. My mother felt bad about selling the house because she had owned it for years.

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Rumus Past Perfect Tense

Past perfect tense memiliki dua rumus. Yang pertama disebut verbal dan dipakai ketika terdapat verb (kata kerja), sementara yang kedua disebut nominal dan digunakan tatkala tidak terdapat verb. Sebagai gantinya, be (been) perlu ditambahkan di rumus kedua ini.

A. Dengan verb (verbal)

	Pola	Contoh
(+)	I/you/we/they + had + V3 She/he/it + had + V3	I/you/we/they had left She/he/it had left
(-)	I/you/we/they + had + not + V3 She/he/it + had + not + V3	I/you/we/they had not left She/he/it had not left
(?)	Had + I/you/we/they + V3? Had + she/he/it + V3? – Yes, she/he/it + had – No, she/he/it + had + not	Had I/you/we/they left? Had she/he/it left? – Yes, she/he/it had – No, she/he/it hadn’t

Keterangan:

1. Semua subjek + had + V3
2. had + not = hadn’t

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B. Tanpa verb (nominal)

	Pola	Contoh
(+)	I/you/we/they + had + been + pel She/he/it + had + been + pel	I/you/we/they had been there She/he/it had been there
(-)	I/you/we/they + had + been + pel She/he/it + had + been + pel	I/you/we/they had not been there She/he/it had not been there
(?)	Had + I/you/we/they + been + pel? Had + she/he/it + been + pel? – Yes, she/he/it + had – No, she/he/it + had + not	Had I/you/we/they been there? Had she/he/it been there? – Yes, she/he/it had – No, she/he/it hadn’t

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Fungsi dan Contoh Past Perfect Tense

Secara garis besar, fungsi past perfect tense dalam bahasa Inggris adalah sebagai:

1. Untuk menyatakan kejadian yang lebih lampau daripada simple past

   Past perfect = Kejadian 1 Simple past = Kejadian 2

   Contoh:

   Kejadian 1	Kejadian 2
   After the girl had missed the bus, (Setelah gadis itu ketinggalan bis,	she took a taxi to go to work. dia memanggil taksi untuk berangkat kerja.)
   He had made an appointment with them (Dia telah membuat janji temu dengan mereka	before he came. sebelum dia datang.)
   Because I had lost my wallet, (Karena dompetku hilang,	I did not have any money left. aku tak punya uang tersisa.)

2. Setelah kata which/that (yang)

   Contoh:

   We gave away the flowers that we had picked. (Kami memberikan bunga yang kami petik.) Wendy sent the letter which she had written. (Wendy mengirimkan surat yang dia tulis.)

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Daftar Materi di English Tenses

1. SIMPLE PRESENT
2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS
3. PRESENT PERFECT
4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
5. SIMPLE PAST
6. PAST CONTINUOUS
7. PAST PERFECT
8. PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
9. SIMPLE FUTURE
10. FUTURE CONTINUOUS
11. FUTURE PERFECT
12. FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS
13. SIMPLE PAST FUTURE
14. PAST FUTURE CONTINUOUS
15. PAST FUTURE PERFECT
16. PAST FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS